Walter Besant's meditation on fiction begins with a spirited claim: the novel is a true fine art, equal in dignity to painting, sculpture, music, and poetry. Yet he also insists that fiction is not mere inspiration alone; it has laws, demands study, and rewards natural talent only when craft and observation are joined. Against a public that dismisses novelists as entertainers rather than serious artists, thinkers, or even statesmen, he argues that fiction deserves the same respect as any major art form. Besant then defines the novelist's task: to reveal men and women in all their contradictions, passions, and daily struggles, making ordinary life vivid, moving, and morally significant. Fiction's deepest power lies in sympathy, its ability to awaken understanding of hidden suffering and human dignity across class and circumstance. To achieve this, the writer must observe keenly, select rigorously, and build characters from lived truth, allowing them to emerge through speech and action rather than explanation. The result is an art of realism, discipline, and endless discovery into human nature. This edition has been fully restored with modern typesetting, custom cover design.